Capacity development

Asia Pacific Cities and Climate Change

Hop On, and Let’s Explore What to Do About It!

How does climate change affect cities?

How does climate change affect urban infrastructure?

CITIES NEED
TO ACT NOW!

Why is now the best time to act?

It is an investment in the future

Planning and investing in infrastructure today will shape the growth and development of your city for decades.

It helps you achieve key development and economic goals

Addressing and managing climate risks can help accelerate other development outcomes (e.g. public health and public safety). It can help meet international development and climate change goals such as the SDGs. By formulating strong urban resilience plans and putting forward low carbon and resilient recovery projects, cities can meet their medium and long-term needs and aspirations.

It will save you money

Managing risks before they happen is more cost-effective than reacting after they happen.

It can make the city richer

Being a leader in the field can attract investors and create employment and export opportunities.

It helps accelerate development and reduce inequality

Addressing climate change challenges with a focus on vulnerable populations will help increase the city’s overall resilience and alleviate poverty.

Cities can access new sources of finance

By leveraging and unlocking new sources of climate finance from groups like the Green Climate Fund, cities can address longstanding resilience gaps and realize their development goals.

What should cities consider as they pursue climate resilience?

Resilience and Mitigation

Resilience is the capacity of a city to function so that all its people can recover from and thrive in the face of climate impacts. Mitigation includes measures that reduce the emission of GHGs, which cause human-induced climate change.

Inclusion

The process should incorporate the diverse perspectives of stakeholder groups on all levels and scales – especially the communities most vulnerable to climate change – and consider climate risk as a crucial part of the administration’s political vision for the city.

Sustainability

Besides addressing existing issues, a proactive planning process must consider how climate change might exacerbate challenges in the future and plan adaptation pathways to address these issues. A sustainable city is socially inclusive, economically productive and environmentally resilient with low-carbon emissions.

Urban resilience takes many forms

Ecological
resilience

Ecological
resilience

  • Conservation, restoration and rehabilitation of ecosystems
  • Biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of a strategy to
    build community and economic resilience

Physical
resilience

Physical
resilience

  • Infrastructure development planning for climate and disaster risks
  • Infrastructure investment and maintenance
  • Early warning systems

Financial
resilience

Financial
resilience

  • Enhanced financial preparedness for climate and disaster risks
  • Access to development finance

Socio-economic
resilience

Socio-economic
resilience

  • Pro-poor and pro-vulnerable investment (basic services for the poor)
  • Community adaptation capacity
  • Multi-faceted solutions, including livelihood creation,
    social protection and health infrastructure

Institutional
resilience

Institutional
resilience

  • Multiple scales of intervention, including household, community
    and local government
  • Capacity and skills development
  • Risk prevention strategies
  • Planning and land-use management
Check CDIA Glossary on Climate change
P bus lane bus lane

Infrastructure solutions that can address climate change

WE CAN HELP

CDIA is an infrastructure project preparation facility

CDIA is implemented by Asian Development Bank and Agence Française de Développement. It receives funding support from the governments of Austria, France, Germany, Switzerland and the European Union.

Our expertise lies in identifying and designing urban projects with a consideration for addressing climate change and providing clear climate co-benefits. We bridge the gap between cities’ plans and the implementation of infrastructure projects, and we’re in a unique position to identify a robust pipeline of infrastructure projects that can integrate climate actions.

Our Impact Areas

CDIA's four main impact areas are
closely interrelated.

Our approach to Cities and Climate Change

CDIA takes an integrated view of urban risks and resilience in designing projects.

How?

We select projects and resilience mechanisms in close coordination with city stakeholders

We help cities prepare urban investment projects that are low carbon, disaster resilient and climate adaptive

We focus on urban renewal projects that build community wellbeing and resilience

We empower cities to address current and future urban challenges, focusing explicitly on climate change risks

We align with existing climate and sustainable development strategies at the national level

We look at climate data and assess the cities vulnerabilities to propose solutions that will build infrastructure resilience

How we work with cities

We help cities find the most efficient and sustainable way to implement their infrastructure development plans, considering:

Which projects are most urgent or important?

What technical options are there?

What are the environmental, social and financial impacts?

How are climate risks and resilience building integrated in the design?

How much will it cost to operate and maintain it?

How we mainstream climate change in our projects

Through careful infrastructure planning, cities can better cope with climate shocks and stresses, build climate resilience for their people and reduce GHG emissions. To ensure these outcomes, we consider climate change at every stage of our work:

1

Scope and identify project

  • Field assessment and initial climate screening
  • Identification of climate and non-climate stressors
  • Carbon footprint analysis (when applicable)
2

Assess vulnerabilities and systems

  • Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
  • Understanding the risks resulting from multiple climate threats and intensities
  • Analysis of potential climate hazards and existing vulnerabilities that could harm vulnerable people, property, services, livelihoods and the environment
  • Stakeholder consultation
3

Prioritize and design

  • Selection of multiple evaluation criteria in participation with key stakeholders
  • Prioritizing actions and investment projects to achieve the goal of long-term systemic change
  • Project specifications and preliminary design considering risk and vulnerabilities
  • Alternative design approaches and/or mitigation measures
  • Developing adaptation pathways to address decision making under uncertainty.
Downstream Financier 4
Implement and manage
5
Evaluate
and adjust

PROJECT EXAMPLES

Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean
georgia

Tbilisi (Georgia)

Tbilisi Metro serves around 500,000 passengers daily. Despite this, its accessibility is hampered by partly or unmechanized access points, commercial encroachment, and absence of safety processes for persons with disabilities (PWDs), among others.  

CDIA developed a package of investments to provide better and efficient access to the metro system; and ensure equal transport experience for all including PWDs, elderly, women and children. The priority measures in the first five years comprise the implementation of lifts and escalators, enhancement of indoor and outdoor features in priority stations, reorganization of commercial stalls within the vicinity of the stations, and second accesses in Akhmateli and Marjanishvili stations. CDIA also produced accessibility guidelines to address specific metro-related issues, and introduced soft measures such as staff training and awareness campaigns to mainstream accessibility in the city’s transport governance.  

The PPS is under cover ofGeorgia: Livable Cities Investment Project for Balanced Development supported by Asian Development Bank. 

Read more 

armenia

Yerevan (Armenia)

Public transport is widely used in Yerevan City. However, increased private car usage and underinvestment in public transport in recent years have deteriorated the city’s infrastructure.  

In line with the government’s efforts to improve their public transport system, CDIA provided advisory services to optimize the strategic network for the core bus routes, trolleybuses and metro. It also provided capacity building support and produced technical notes and preliminary designs for bus lanes, interchanges and bus stops along a pilot corridor. Its technical team also offered guidance on intermodal connectivity; traffic management; and integrated ticketing and fare system. It further identified activities to upgrade air quality monitoring in the city. 

CDIA also assisted in transport policy formulation and other capacity building initiatives, including the preparation of the Yerevan Transport Strategy, along with parking management sub-strategy.  

Read more 

uzbekistan

Uzbekistan

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!7

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!7

mongolia

Mongolia

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

tajikistan

Dushanbe (Tajikistan)

Almost the entire population of Dushanbe is covered by their municipal water supply system. However, there are high water losses due to aging infrastructure and inefficient operation. Similarly, the city has a worn-out sewage network and ineffective wastewater treatment mechanisms.  

In 2018, CDIA developed a set of priority project to improve the water supply in Shohmansur District and enhance the sanitation services in the southeastern part of the city. In parallel, a roadmap for institutional capacity development was created for the State Unitary Enterprise Dushanbe Vodokanal, the agency responsible for the city’s water supply and sanitation services to bolster their processes. ADB took the priority project forward to implementation, however the investment was only able to cover 55%. In 2021, CDIA again supported Dushanbe to prepare the physical works that will cover the rest of the priority project to ensure that Dushanbe’s water system is fully rehabilitated and expanded for the welfare and public health of the residents.  

pakistan

Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan, Sargodha and Muzaffargarh (Pakistan)

Four cities in Pakistan’s Punjab province – Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan, Sargodha and Muzaffargarh – are prone to droughts and water shortages. In 2019, CDIA developed a project preparation study (PPS) for the four cities that identified investment projects to upgrade the basic infrastructure services in these four cities with the aim of making them more resilient, inclusive and competitive.

The PPS presented bankable infrastructure projects to improve the water supply, sanitation and solid waste management systems in these cities. CDIA also held consultations with city-level stakeholders to outline how further infrastructure investments can help these cities prepare for future climate shocks. During the consultations, CDIA introduced urban resilience concepts to the local city officials to inform their decision-making throughout project design and implementation.

The measures in these projects will help the cities manage groundwater resources, improve wastewater treatment and set up new sanitary landfills. When adopted, they will benefit a collective 2.1 million residents in these four cities.

Read more

nepal

Nepal

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

bhutan

Thimpu, Phuentsholing, Nganglam, Samdrup Jongkhar and Trashiyangtse (Bhutan)

Affordable housing in Bhutan is limited due to scarce land, high construction cost and inadequate financing from the government.  

With support from ADB, the Green and Resilient Affordable Housing Sector Project (GRAHSP) was formulated to bring affordable housing to residents of Thimpu, Phuentsholing, Nganglam, Samdrup Jongkhar and Trashiyangtse, thereby enhancing their safety and living conditions.  

CDIA will support this project via its advisory services on policymaking and institutional capacity development. Specifically, it will review Bhutan’s housing and planning regulations, out of which it will propose interventions to develop affordable and resilient housing. It will also identify skills and systems enhancement measures to aid corporate planning, rental charge review and setting, and asset management information system, among others. It will further support the National Housing Development Corporation Limited and city officials on climate and disaster resilience planning, and designing affordable housing leading to a green building certification, a first of its kind in Bhutan.  

china

Huangshan (PRC)

Economic development and the rapid growth of tourism, along with economic development has increased environmental and ecological pressures across the Xin’an River Basin and impaired the water quality in the river. The Huangshan
Municipality urgently needed water management and sustainable green development to improve water quality in the upstream reaches of Xin’an River.

In 2019, the local government sought CDIA’s knowledge of innovations and best practices in water pollution management to better protect the ecological system of the Xin’an River, the main source of drinking water for at least 10 million residents.

The CDIA team then published Knowledge Products (KPs) in 2020 which provided specific interventions for first flush run-off control and storm water management; environmental monitoring and emergency response system for industrial parks;
climate change adaptation and mitigation; and application of information and communication technologies (ICT) for environmental monitoring and data analysis.

The KPs will inform ADB’s execution of a green development project on the Xin’an River, which will improve Huangshan’s climate resilience and ensure a healthy ecosystem on the river – and also serve as a standard of reference for similar projects in PRC as well as in other Asia Pacific countries.

Read more

china2

Huangshan2 (PRC)

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quos culpa facere, eaque debitis beatae natus nam placeat, neque distinctio ipsam nesciunt
laborum cumque reiciendis fuga facilis consequuntur.

india

India

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Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

bangladesh

Chattogram (Bangladesh)

The three million residents of Chattogram, Bangladesh’s second largest city either rely on on-site sanitation facilities or flush their wastewater directly into the Karnaphuli and Halda rivers through a network of canals, severely impacting their health and the city’s ecology. 

CDIA is supporting Chattogram to set up a sewerage system and wastewater treatment infrastructure for the North Kattoli catchment area, strongly focusing on low-income residents. It is also helping to establish fecal sludge management facilities, including on-site sanitation improvements in areas where a sewerage facility cannot be provided due to space or topographical constraints.  

CDIA’s assistance includes feasibility study, preliminary engineering designs, and design-build tender documents. Climate risk and vulnerability assessment will also be included, along with due diligence and financial and economic analysis. It is pipelined for AFD funding. 

vietnam

Vietnam

Bac Kan (Viet Nam)

Bac Kan City in Northern Viet Nam is endowed with beautiful natural assets, but the same assets bring flood and erosion risks. Poor urban infrastructure and services, drainage problems and pollution also undermine the city’s development. 

CDIA prepared a €25 million worth of infrastructure investment and capacity building program to help Bac Kan become a sustainable and climate-resilient city. Physical works comprise: 1) riverbank strengthening and landscaping on Cau River, 2) channel reconstruction and sewerage works on Nong Thuong and Pa Danh streams, 3) flood relief diversion culvert from Nong Thuong stream to Cau River, 4) construction of two weirs on Cau River, and 5) reshaping of 6-km along Cau River. It proposed a combination of gray engineering and nature-based solutions to optimize the investments’ potential to improve climate resilience and livability in Bac Kan. It further developed a capacity development roadmap to support the sustainable implementation and operation of the investments. AFD and EU’s Water and Natural Resources Management Facility are expected to provide downstream financing for the physical works and capacity development measures, respectively. 

Read more 

________________

Đông Hà (Viet Nam) 

Like other Vietnamese cities, Đông Hà is facing rapid urbanization and climate-related challenges such as flooding, riverbank erosion, increased rainfall intensity and sea-level rise.  

CDIA supported the formulation of an integrated infrastructure investment project in Đông Hà that will demonstrate for other cities concrete measures to build resilience and encourage green growth in line with the government’s Green Growth Development Plan.  

CDIA proposed investments for embankments, drainage works, public park on Hieu River and associated infrastructure improvements, and street and infrastructure upgrade in low-income areas and other parts of the inner city. It also identified activities to strengthen Đông Hà’s capacity in urban development at various levels – project design, construction, and subsequent operation and maintenance.  

AFD is expected to provide financing for the physical works and the EU’s Water and Natural Resources Management Facility for the technical assistance and soft measures to build the capacity of city stakeholders. 

Read more 

________________

Vung Tau (Viet Nam)  

Viet nam is one of the top five countries that produce plastic waste leading to ocean pollution. A coastal city in the Southern Key Economic Zone, Vung Tau generates 358 tons of domestic waste every day. Without sorting at source, all its waste, including plastics end up in the landfill.  

In partnership with the Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW), CDIA’s project preparation study will support Vung Tau City in its bid to holistically improve its solid waste management (SWM) system, address plastic waste pollution and enhance its environment.  

CDIA will prepare an investment program covering all aspects of SWM, from waste collection to final disposal. It will also prepare to feasibility level, priority plastic waste project components that AEPW can potentially finance for implementation. 

srilanka

Matara (Sri Lanka)

As a growing urban area, Matara faces periodic floods linked to storm surge and inadequate storm water drainage, while a lack of solid waste management (SWM) measures poses risks to the environment and health of the residents. 

CDIA proposed strategies and corresponding investments to: 1) address SWM in light of the city’s planned biogas plant, and lawsuit against a major dump; 2) upgrade flood protection measures and adopt an early warning system; 3) improve stormwater drainage infrastructure considering the climate projections; and 4) employ a comprehensive and integrated approach to urban development, with a multi-modal transit hub as a focal point.  

CDIA further developed a capacity roadmap to address issues, such as lack of clear institutional mandates and appropriate mechanisms for policymaking at the local level that can hinder the successful implementation of the proposed investments. 

myanmar

Yangon (Myanmar)

Climate change has brought longer dry seasons to Southeast Asia and threatens the water supply for developing cities across the region. Soaring temperatures and outdated, leaking water pipes lead to millions of gallons of non-revenue water losses in cities that already struggle to provide enough clean water for their citizens. 

CDIA has partnered with the city of Yangon to install a new intake structure in the Ngamoeyeik Reservoir and develop enclosed pipelines that will bring clean water directly into the city.  Stakeholders expect the project to help improve the health and safety of Yangon’s citizens, reduce water losses, and improve the city’s economy.

Read more

thailand

Thailand

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Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

laos

Laos

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

cambodia

Battambang, Kampot, Kratie and Chhlong (Cambodia)

Erratic weather patterns and storm surges have put the secondary cities of Battambang, Kratie and Chhlong at high risk for flooding and riverbank erosion, and the coastal city of Kampot has become more susceptible to rising sea levels and flash floods.

These climate shocks threaten to disrupt food and water supply and displace the poor, elderly, and other
vulnerable groups in these cities.

The study CDIA completed in Cambodia included climate projection models to assess each city’s climate risks and vulnerabilities, and proposed climate adaptation interventions and institutional capacity development roadmaps.

Battambang, Kampot, Kratie and Chhlong now have a range of infrastructure project options that can both increase their climate resilience and help them pursue economic development.

Read more

philippines

Multiple cities (Philippines)

CDIA provided a technical assistance to strengthen the capacity of national government agencies (mainly the Department of the Interior and Local Government) and the local government units (LGUs) on disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA). It will enable the LGUs to fully integrate DRRM and CCA in their functions, processes and investments in line with the local devolution of more government functions in 2022. 

CDIA’s support has informed the design of the AFD-funded policy-based loan amounting to €250 million and parallel technical assistance grant amounting to €300,000 to enhance DRRM and CCA tools, knowledge and capacities in the Philippines. 

Read more 

indonesia

Indonesia

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error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis
error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

vanuatu

Vanuatu

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error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis
error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

fiji

Fiji

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis
error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis
error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Tbilisi (Georgia)

Tbilisi Metro serves around 500,000 passengers daily. Despite this, its accessibility is hampered by partly or unmechanized access points, commercial encroachment, and absence of safety processes for persons with disabilities (PWDs), among others.  

CDIA developed a package of investments to provide better and efficient access to the metro system; and ensure equal transport experience for all including PWDs, elderly, women and children. The priority measures in the first five years comprise the implementation of lifts and escalators, enhancement of indoor and outdoor features in priority stations, reorganization of commercial stalls within the vicinity of the stations, and second accesses in Akhmateli and Marjanishvili stations. CDIA also produced accessibility guidelines to address specific metro-related issues, and introduced soft measures such as staff training and awareness campaigns to mainstream accessibility in the city’s transport governance.  

The PPS is under cover ofGeorgia: Livable Cities Investment Project for Balanced Development supported by Asian Development Bank. 

Read more 

Yerevan (Armenia)

Public transport is widely used in Yerevan City. However, increased private car usage and underinvestment in public transport in recent years have deteriorated the city’s infrastructure.  

In line with the government’s efforts to improve their public transport system, CDIA provided advisory services to optimize the strategic network for the core bus routes, trolleybuses and metro. It also provided capacity building support and produced technical notes and preliminary designs for bus lanes, interchanges and bus stops along a pilot corridor. Its technical team also offered guidance on intermodal connectivity; traffic management; and integrated ticketing and fare system. It further identified activities to upgrade air quality monitoring in the city. 

CDIA also assisted in transport policy formulation and other capacity building initiatives, including the preparation of the Yerevan Transport Strategy, along with parking management sub-strategy.  

Read more 

Uzbekistan

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Kazakhstan

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!7

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!7

Mongolia

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Dushanbe (Tajikistan)

Almost the entire population of Dushanbe is covered by their municipal water supply system. However, there are high water losses due to aging infrastructure and inefficient operation. Similarly, the city has a worn-out sewage network and ineffective wastewater treatment mechanisms.  

In 2018, CDIA developed a set of priority project to improve the water supply in Shohmansur District and enhance the sanitation services in the southeastern part of the city. In parallel, a roadmap for institutional capacity development was created for the State Unitary Enterprise Dushanbe Vodokanal, the agency responsible for the city’s water supply and sanitation services to bolster their processes. ADB took the priority project forward to implementation, however the investment was only able to cover 55%. In 2021, CDIA again supported Dushanbe to prepare the physical works that will cover the rest of the priority project to ensure that Dushanbe’s water system is fully rehabilitated and expanded for the welfare and public health of the residents.  

Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan, Sargodha and Muzaffargarh (Pakistan)

Four cities in Pakistan’s Punjab province – Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan, Sargodha and Muzaffargarh – are prone to droughts and water shortages. In 2019, CDIA developed a project preparation study (PPS) for the four cities that identified investment projects to upgrade the basic infrastructure services in these four cities with the aim of making them more resilient, inclusive and competitive.

The PPS presented bankable infrastructure projects to improve the water supply, sanitation and solid waste management systems in these cities. CDIA also held consultations with city-level stakeholders to outline how further infrastructure investments can help these cities prepare for future climate shocks. During the consultations, CDIA introduced urban resilience concepts to the local city officials to inform their decision-making throughout project design and implementation.

The measures in these projects will help the cities manage groundwater resources, improve wastewater treatment and set up new sanitary landfills. When adopted, they will benefit a collective 2.1 million residents in these four cities.

Read more

Nepal

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Lorem ipsum dolor, sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Eos dicta qui omnis ab tenetur aspernatur, perferendis error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!

Thimpu, Phuentsholing, Nganglam, Samdrup Jongkhar and Trashiyangtse (Bhutan)

Affordable housing in Bhutan is limited due to scarce land, high construction cost and inadequate financing from the government.  

With support from ADB, the Green and Resilient Affordable Housing Sector Project (GRAHSP) was formulated to bring affordable housing to residents of Thimpu, Phuentsholing, Nganglam, Samdrup Jongkhar and Trashiyangtse, thereby enhancing their safety and living conditions.  

CDIA will support this project via its advisory services on policymaking and institutional capacity development. Specifically, it will review Bhutan’s housing and planning regulations, out of which it will propose interventions to develop affordable and resilient housing. It will also identify skills and systems enhancement measures to aid corporate planning, rental charge review and setting, and asset management information system, among others. It will further support the National Housing Development Corporation Limited and city officials on climate and disaster resilience planning, and designing affordable housing leading to a green building certification, a first of its kind in Bhutan.  

Huangshan (PRC)

Economic development and the rapid growth of tourism, along with economic development has increased environmental and ecological pressures across the Xin’an River Basin and impaired the water quality in the river. The Huangshan
Municipality urgently needed water management and sustainable green development to improve water quality in the upstream reaches of Xin’an River.

In 2019, the local government sought CDIA’s knowledge of innovations and best practices in water pollution management to better protect the ecological system of the Xin’an River, the main source of drinking water for at least 10 million residents.

The CDIA team then published Knowledge Products (KPs) in 2020 which provided specific interventions for first flush run-off control and storm water management; environmental monitoring and emergency response system for industrial parks;
climate change adaptation and mitigation; and application of information and communication technologies (ICT) for environmental monitoring and data analysis.

The KPs will inform ADB’s execution of a green development project on the Xin’an River, which will improve Huangshan’s climate resilience and ensure a healthy ecosystem on the river – and also serve as a standard of reference for similar projects in PRC as well as in other Asia Pacific countries.

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Huangshan2 (PRC)

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India

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Chattogram (Bangladesh)

The three million residents of Chattogram, Bangladesh’s second largest city either rely on on-site sanitation facilities or flush their wastewater directly into the Karnaphuli and Halda rivers through a network of canals, severely impacting their health and the city’s ecology. 

CDIA is supporting Chattogram to set up a sewerage system and wastewater treatment infrastructure for the North Kattoli catchment area, strongly focusing on low-income residents. It is also helping to establish fecal sludge management facilities, including on-site sanitation improvements in areas where a sewerage facility cannot be provided due to space or topographical constraints.  

CDIA’s assistance includes feasibility study, preliminary engineering designs, and design-build tender documents. Climate risk and vulnerability assessment will also be included, along with due diligence and financial and economic analysis. It is pipelined for AFD funding. 

Vietnam

Bac Kan (Viet Nam)

Bac Kan City in Northern Viet Nam is endowed with beautiful natural assets, but the same assets bring flood and erosion risks. Poor urban infrastructure and services, drainage problems and pollution also undermine the city’s development. 

CDIA prepared a €25 million worth of infrastructure investment and capacity building program to help Bac Kan become a sustainable and climate-resilient city. Physical works comprise: 1) riverbank strengthening and landscaping on Cau River, 2) channel reconstruction and sewerage works on Nong Thuong and Pa Danh streams, 3) flood relief diversion culvert from Nong Thuong stream to Cau River, 4) construction of two weirs on Cau River, and 5) reshaping of 6-km along Cau River. It proposed a combination of gray engineering and nature-based solutions to optimize the investments’ potential to improve climate resilience and livability in Bac Kan. It further developed a capacity development roadmap to support the sustainable implementation and operation of the investments. AFD and EU’s Water and Natural Resources Management Facility are expected to provide downstream financing for the physical works and capacity development measures, respectively. 

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Đông Hà (Viet Nam) 

Like other Vietnamese cities, Đông Hà is facing rapid urbanization and climate-related challenges such as flooding, riverbank erosion, increased rainfall intensity and sea-level rise.  

CDIA supported the formulation of an integrated infrastructure investment project in Đông Hà that will demonstrate for other cities concrete measures to build resilience and encourage green growth in line with the government’s Green Growth Development Plan.  

CDIA proposed investments for embankments, drainage works, public park on Hieu River and associated infrastructure improvements, and street and infrastructure upgrade in low-income areas and other parts of the inner city. It also identified activities to strengthen Đông Hà’s capacity in urban development at various levels – project design, construction, and subsequent operation and maintenance.  

AFD is expected to provide financing for the physical works and the EU’s Water and Natural Resources Management Facility for the technical assistance and soft measures to build the capacity of city stakeholders. 

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Vung Tau (Viet Nam)  

Viet nam is one of the top five countries that produce plastic waste leading to ocean pollution. A coastal city in the Southern Key Economic Zone, Vung Tau generates 358 tons of domestic waste every day. Without sorting at source, all its waste, including plastics end up in the landfill.  

In partnership with the Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW), CDIA’s project preparation study will support Vung Tau City in its bid to holistically improve its solid waste management (SWM) system, address plastic waste pollution and enhance its environment.  

CDIA will prepare an investment program covering all aspects of SWM, from waste collection to final disposal. It will also prepare to feasibility level, priority plastic waste project components that AEPW can potentially finance for implementation. 

Matara (Sri Lanka)

As a growing urban area, Matara faces periodic floods linked to storm surge and inadequate storm water drainage, while a lack of solid waste management (SWM) measures poses risks to the environment and health of the residents. 

CDIA proposed strategies and corresponding investments to: 1) address SWM in light of the city’s planned biogas plant, and lawsuit against a major dump; 2) upgrade flood protection measures and adopt an early warning system; 3) improve stormwater drainage infrastructure considering the climate projections; and 4) employ a comprehensive and integrated approach to urban development, with a multi-modal transit hub as a focal point.  

CDIA further developed a capacity roadmap to address issues, such as lack of clear institutional mandates and appropriate mechanisms for policymaking at the local level that can hinder the successful implementation of the proposed investments. 

Yangon (Myanmar)

Climate change has brought longer dry seasons to Southeast Asia and threatens the water supply for developing cities across the region. Soaring temperatures and outdated, leaking water pipes lead to millions of gallons of non-revenue water losses in cities that already struggle to provide enough clean water for their citizens. 

CDIA has partnered with the city of Yangon to install a new intake structure in the Ngamoeyeik Reservoir and develop enclosed pipelines that will bring clean water directly into the city.  Stakeholders expect the project to help improve the health and safety of Yangon’s citizens, reduce water losses, and improve the city’s economy.

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Thailand

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Laos

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Battambang, Kampot, Kratie and Chhlong (Cambodia)

Erratic weather patterns and storm surges have put the secondary cities of Battambang, Kratie and Chhlong at high risk for flooding and riverbank erosion, and the coastal city of Kampot has become more susceptible to rising sea levels and flash floods.

These climate shocks threaten to disrupt food and water supply and displace the poor, elderly, and other
vulnerable groups in these cities.

The study CDIA completed in Cambodia included climate projection models to assess each city’s climate risks and vulnerabilities, and proposed climate adaptation interventions and institutional capacity development roadmaps.

Battambang, Kampot, Kratie and Chhlong now have a range of infrastructure project options that can both increase their climate resilience and help them pursue economic development.

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Multiple cities (Philippines)

CDIA provided a technical assistance to strengthen the capacity of national government agencies (mainly the Department of the Interior and Local Government) and the local government units (LGUs) on disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA). It will enable the LGUs to fully integrate DRRM and CCA in their functions, processes and investments in line with the local devolution of more government functions in 2022. 

CDIA’s support has informed the design of the AFD-funded policy-based loan amounting to €250 million and parallel technical assistance grant amounting to €300,000 to enhance DRRM and CCA tools, knowledge and capacities in the Philippines. 

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Indonesia

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Vanuatu

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Fiji

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error accusamus, aperiam esse repellendus porro veniam a nemo placeat obcaecati alias ducimus doloribus!